The substratum to which the sponges remain attached can be either the rocks, or the sandy sea bed, or either the surface of the coral reefs. The primary function of this holdfast due to its complex tangles of root-like growths is to anchor the sessile sponges and other non-motile marine animals to the substratum very firmly. It is chitinous in nature and is not spongin-based. Talking about the adult sponges, their holdfast that help them to anchor is a root-like or basal plate-like structure located at the base of the sponge’s body. However, the larval stage is free swimming in nature and can easily move from one place to another due to the forces exerted by the water currents till it settles down on a hard surface and develops into an adult sponge. How can the larval sponges move? Are sponges sessile or motile?Īdult sponges are strictly sessile and they cannot move from one place to another because they spend their whole life attached to a substratum through a holdfast.Explained: Sponges do not have well-developed locomotory organs.
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